Những hình thức nhật thực
- Nhật thực toàn phần xảy ra khi Mặt Trời bị Mặt Trăng che lấp hoàn toàn. Đĩa Mặt Trời phát sáng bị che khuất bởi vành tối của Mặt Trăng, và có thể quan sát thấy vầng hào quang nhạt bên ngoài là ánh sáng đến từ vành đai nhật hoa của Mặt Trời (xem hình trên). Trong thời gian xảy ra bất kỳ một lần nhật thực nào, nhật thực toàn phần chỉ có thể được quan sát thấy từ một dải hẹp trên bề mặt Trái Đất. Tại một điểm cố định, nhật thực toàn phần chỉ kéo dài vài phút (tối đa 7 phút). Ví dụ nhật thực toàn phần ở Việt Nam vào năm 1995 chỉ kéo dài gần 2 phút.
- Nhật thực hình khuyên xảy ra khi Mặt Trời và Mặt Trăng nằm chính xác trên một đường thẳng, nhưng kích cỡ biểu kiến của Mặt Trăng nhỏ hơn kích cỡ biểu kiến của Mặt Trời. Vì thế Mặt Trời vẫn hiện ra như một vòng đai rực rỡ bao quanh Mặt Trăng.
- Nhật thực lai là một kiểu trung gian giữa nhật thực toàn phần và nhật thực hình khuyên. Ở một số điểm trên Trái Đất, nó được quan sát thấy là nhật thực toàn phần; ở những nơi khác nó lại là nhật thực hình khuyên. Thuật ngữ chung cho nhật thực toàn phần, hình khuyên hay nhật thực lai là nhật thực trung tâm.
- Nhật thực một phần xảy ra khi Mặt Trời và Mặt Trăng không nằm chính xác trên cùng một đường thẳng, và Mặt Trăng chỉ che khuất một phần của Mặt Trời. Hiện tượng này thường được quan sát thấy ở nhiều nơi trên Trái Đất bên ngoài đường đi của nhật thực trung tâm. Tuy nhiên, một số kiểu nhật thực chỉ có thể được quan sát thấy như là nhật thực một phần, bởi vì đường trung tâm không bao giờ giao nhau với bề mặt của Trái Đất.
A rare annular eclipse – a ring of sunlight as the new moon,
passing between Earth and sun, blocks most, but not all, of the sun’s
disc. It is striking to see. Differing from a total solar eclipse, the
moon in an annular eclipse appears too small to cover the sun
completely, leaving a ring of fire effect around the moon. The eclipse
cast its shallow path crossing the West from west Texas to Oregon then
arcing across the northern Pacific Ocean to Tokyo, Japan. (Thanks to all
Big Picture viewers for sending us your images of the eclipse.) — Paula Nelson (49 photos total)
A partial solar eclipse as seen during sunrise in the coastal town
of Gumaca, Quezon province, southeast of Manila, May 21, 2012. Thousands
turned their eyes to the sky on both sides of the Pacific to gaze
excitedly as an eclipse occluded the sun at dawn in Asia and at dusk in
the western United States. An annular eclipse occurs when the moon
passes in front of the sun, but is too far from the Earth to block it
out completely, leaving a “ring of fire” visible. (Ted Aljibeted
Aljibe/AFP/GettyImages)
2
A solar eclipse rises over the horizon in Xiamen in southeastern
China’s Fujian province, May 21, 2012. Millions of Asians watched as a
rare “ring of fire” eclipse crossed their skies. The annular eclipse, in
which the moon passes in front of the sun leaving only a golden ring
around its edges, was visible to wide areas across the continent.
(Associated Press) #
3
Maikos, or apprentice geishas, observe an annular solar eclipse with
solar viewers at a shrine in Kyoto, western Japan, May 21, 2012. The sun
and moon aligned over the Earth in a rare astronomical event – an
annular eclipse that dimmed the skies over parts of Asia and North
America, briefly turning the sun into a blazing ring of fire. (Yomiuri
Shimbun/Reuters) #
4
A sea lion wears a solar viewer during an annular solar eclipse at an
aquarium in Tokyo, May 21, 2012. (Yomiuri Shimbun/Reuters) #
5
Sun spots are seen as the moon moves into a partial eclipse position
after reaching annularity during the first annular eclipse seen in the
U.S. since 1994, May 20, 2012 in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona.
Differing from a total solar eclipse, the moon in an annular eclipse
appears too small to cover the sun completely, leaving a ring of fire
effect around the moon. (David McNew/Getty Images) #
6
An eclipse is seen at the Bund along the Huangpu River in Shanghai,
May 21, 2012. The sun and moon aligned over the earth in a rare
astronomical event – an annular eclipse that dimmed the skies over parts
of Asia and North America, which briefly turned the sun into a blazing
ring of fire. (Aly Song/Reuters) #
7
Brendon Ladd of La Habra, Calif. leans over his daughter Mary Carson,
5, of Palm Springs, Calif. as she looks through a telescope during an
eclipse viewing event held at The Westin Mission Hills in Rancho Mirage.
The eclipse was visible as a partial eclipse in the Coachella Valley,
but in other parts of the country it was visible as an annular eclipse
creating a visual ring of fire around the moon. Palm Springs, Calif.
astronomer Bob Victor said that for the Coachella Valley, this will be
the biggest portion of the sun covered by area until an eclipse in 2044.
(Crystal Chatham/The Desert Sun) #
8
A tourist watches an annular eclipse through a solar viewer in
Monument Valley Tribal Park in Utah, May 20, 2012. The sun and moon
aligned over the earth in a rare astronomical event. (Gene
Blevins/Reuters) #
9
A composite of images of the first annular eclipse seen in the U.S.
since 1994 shows several stages, as the eclipse passes through
annularity and the sun changes color as it approaches sunset, May 20,
2012 in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona. Differing from a total
solar eclipse, the moon in an annular eclipse appears too small to cover
the sun completely, leaving a ring of fire effect around the moon.
(David McNew/Getty Images) #
10
Allison Deyhle, 9, and her twin sister, Emily, joined hundreds of
other people to watch the eclipse from the Redfield Campus Observatory
in Reno, Nev., May 20, 2012. It is the first eclipse in Reno since 1930.
(Andy Barron/Reno Gazette-Journal) #
11
Peggy Pennington watches the annular eclipse with her dogs Sasha and
Foxy Lady, in Kanarraville, Utah, May 20 2012. The tiny town of
Kanarraville, 40 miles north of St George and 263 miles south of Salt
Lake City, marketed the town’s”sweet spot” location where an almost
perfect annular eclipse could be seen bringing visitors and vendors to
their solar eclipse viewing “party”. Kanarraville is a town in Iron
County, Utah, United States. The population was 311 at the 2000 census.
(Robyn Beck/AFP/GettyImages) #
12
Aaron Peck, 4, watches the annular eclipse in Kanarraville, Utah May 20 2012. (Robyn Beck/AFP/GettyImages) #
13
Annular Solar Eclipse is observed, May 21, 2012 in Tokyo, Japan. It
is the first time in 25 years since last annular solar eclipse was
observed in Japan. (Masashi Hara/Getty Images) #
14
Bus tour guides look at an annular eclipse on a rooftop of the
Roppongi Hills complex in Tokyo, May 21, 2012. (Toru Hanai/Reuters) #
15
Junior high school students observe the annular solar eclipse through
special glasses at the school playground in Kawakaki, surburban Tokyo,
May 21, 2012. (Toru Yamanaka/AFP/GettyImages) #
16
A partial annular solar eclipse is reflected in a pool of water in
Beijing, China, May 21, 2012. (Ng Han Guan/Associated Press) #
17
A business man watches an annular solar eclipse at a waterfront park
in Yokohama, near Tokyo, May 21, 2012. Millions of early risers in Asia
turned their attention skyward to view a rare “ring of fire” eclipse as
it crossed their skies. (Shuji Kajiyama/Associated Press) #
18
Commuters view and try to take photos as an annular solar eclipse
occurs in the sky in Tokyo, May 21, 2012. Millions of Asians watched as a
rare “ring of fire” eclipse crossed their skies. (Kyodo News) #
19
An annular solar eclipse is seen through the clouds in Kawasaki,
surburban Tokyo, May 21, 2012. (Toru Yamanaka/AFP/GettyImages) #
20
High school students watch the annular solar eclipse in Fujisawa,
near Tokyo, May 21, 2012. (Shizuo Kambayashi/Associated Press) #
21
People view an annular solar eclipse in Sapporo, Hokkaido, northern Japan, May 21, 2012. (Kyodo News) #
22
Solar eclipse, May 20, 2012, seen from downtown Fort Worth, Texas. (David Kent/The Fort Worth Star-Telegram) #
23
Michael Garwood of Las Vegas gets a look at the annular eclipse in
Las Vegas, May 20, 2012. (Jessica Ebelhar/Las Vegas Review-Journal) #
24
A partial solar eclipse descends in the sky behind crosses in an
Ixonia, Wis. in a farm field, May 20, 2012. (John Hart/Wisconsin State
Journal) #
25
An annular solar eclipse is partially seen at sunrise, May 21, 2012,
from the coastal township of Gumaca, Quezon province, 187 kilometers
(116 miles) southeast of Manila, Philippines. Millions of Asians watched
as a rare “ring of fire” eclipse crossed their skies. (Bullit
Marquez/Associated Press) #
26
A small bird rests on a powerline backgrounded by an annular solar
eclipse seen from Los Angeles, California, May 20, 2012 . (Joe
Klamarjoe/AFP/GettyImages) #
27
The annular eclipse is visible through binoculars in Sacramento, Calif., May 20, 2012. (Randy Pench The Sacramento Bee) #
28
An annular eclipse appears, May 20, 2012, north of Odessa, Texas. (Albert Cesare/Odessa American) #
29
An annular eclipse appears, May 20, 2012, north of Odessa, Texas. (Albert Cesare/Odessa American) #
30
A thundershower rolls through as an annular solar eclipse appears in
Gardnerville, Nev., May 20, 2012. (Cathleen Allison/Associated Press) #
31
Hikers watch an annular eclipse from Papago Park in Phoenix, May 20, 2012. (Michael Chow/The Arizona Republic) #
32
The moon passes between the sun and the earth as viewed through
coastal fog rolling in from the ocean in Encinitas, Calif., May 20,
2012. (Mike Blake/Reuters) #
33
Pat Wehling of Albuquerque watches the annular solar eclipse at the
Petroglyph National Monument near Albuquerque, N.M., May 20, 2012. Bus
loads of people turned out for the viewing party at the monument.
Albuquerque was one of the best spots in the U.S. to witness the
eclipse. (Susan Montoya Bryan/Associated Press) #
34
The solar eclipse is reflected at the National Solar Thermal Test
Facility located at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, N.M.
(Randy Montoya/Department of Engery) #
35
People watch a rare annular eclipse dim the sky, as the sun and moon
align for a “ring of fire” spectacle over the southwestern town of
Kanarraville, Utah, May 20, 2012. Eclipses of some type occur almost
every year, but stargazers have not seen an annular – shaped like a ring
– eclipse on U.S. soil since 1994, and the next one is not to occur
until 2023. (Jim Urquhart/Retuers) #
36
People observe the solar eclipse, May 20, 2012 in Chico, Calif. (Ty Barbou/The Chico Enterprise-Record) #
37
People view an annular solar eclipse as they look towards the setting
sun on the horizon, May 20, 2012, in Phoenix.(Ross D.
Franklin/Associated Press) #
38
In this composite of five images, the moon appears to almost cover
the sun during an annular eclipse of the sun May 20, 2012 as seen from
the Pueblo Bonito ancient building at Chaco Culture National Historical
Park in Nageezi, Arizona. (Stan Honda/AFP/GettyImages) #
39
The first annular eclipse seen in the U.S. since 1994 wanes to a
partial eclipse as the sun sets, May 20, 2012 in Grand Canyon National
Park, Arizona. (David McNew/Getty Images) #
40
The new moon finishes its path in front of the setting sun between
West Mitten and East Mitten buttes during an annular eclipse, May 20,
2012, in Monument Valley, Ariz. (Julie Jacobson/Associated Press) #
41
The first annular eclipse seen in the U.S. since 1994 wanes to a
partial eclipse as the sun sets, May 20, 2012 in Grand Canyon National
Park, Arizona. (David McNew/Getty Images) #
42
A man takes photographs during the first annular eclipse seen in the
U.S. since 1994, May 20, 2012 in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona.
(David McNew/Getty Images) #
43
A partial eclipse is seen from a camera reflection behind a pickup near Flagstaff, Arizona, May 20, 2012. (Jason Lee/Reuters) #
44
The annular eclipse seen from Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 20, 2012.
The western United States watched as a rare “ring of fire” eclipse
crossed their skies. (Greg Sorber/The Albuquerque Journal) #
45
The annular eclipse seen from Albuquerque, N.M., May 20, 2012. The
western United States watched as a rare “ring of fire” eclipse crossed
their skies. (Greg Sorber/The Albuquerque Journal) #
46
The ring of fire solar eclipseis seen near McCloud, Calif., May 20,
2012. The western United States watched as the “ring of fire” eclipse
crossed their skies. (The Sacramento Bee) #
47
A partial annular solar eclipse is seen from the coast of Xiamen, in
China’s southeast province of Fujian, May 21, 2012. Millions turned
their eyes to the sky on both sides of the Pacific as a solar eclipse
created a “ring of fire” from Asia to the western United States.
(AFP/GettyImages) #
48
School children observe an annular eclipse with solar viewers at
Hirai Daini Elementary School in Tokyo, May 21, 2012. (Issei
Kato/Reuters) #
49
People watch an annular solar eclipse at a rooftop of Roppongi Hills complex in Tokyo, May 21, 2012. (Toru Hanai/Reuters) #http://thaiphong.wordpress.com/2012/05/22/ring-of-fire-eclipse-2012-nhat-thuc-hinh-khuyen-2012/
Không có nhận xét nào:
Đăng nhận xét